OpenAI AgentKit Complete Guide Part 1: Core Concepts and Getting Started
From core concepts to hands-on tutorials: everything you need to know about OpenAI AgentKit announced in October 2025
Series: Mastering OpenAI AgentKit (1/2)
- OpenAI AgentKit Complete Guide Part 1: Core Concepts and Getting Started ← Current article
- OpenAI AgentKit Complete Guide Part 2: Advanced Patterns and Real-World Applications
OpenAI AgentKit Complete Guide Part 1: Core Concepts and Getting Started
On October 6, 2025, at OpenAI DevDay in San Francisco, Sam Altman made an announcement that would fundamentally change the developer ecosystem: AgentKit.
“Everything you need to build, deploy, and optimize agent workflows from prototype to production with way less friction,” as Sam Altman put it, AgentKit is not just an API update. It represents a new paradigm where AI sits at the center of your workflow.
In this guide, we’ll understand the core concepts of AgentKit and walk through complete tutorials to build your first AI agents.
Key Takeaways (TL;DR)
- 🎯 AgentKit = AI Workflow Platform: Competes with Zapier/n8n, but with AI reasoning at the core
- 🧩 4 Core Components: Agent Builder (visual), ChatKit (UI), Connector Registry (tools), Evals (performance)
- 🐍 Python SDK Included: Code-first development with
openai-agentspackage - 🔌 Native MCP Support: “USB-C for AI apps” standardizing tool integration
- 📊 Beta Status: Agent Builder currently in beta, billing starts November 1, 2025
- 💡 When to Use: AI-centric workflows, multi-agent collaboration, complex decision automation
What is AgentKit?
OpenAI’s Strategic Shift
OpenAI is no longer just an “API provider.” Through AgentKit, they’re evolving into a platform company.
While traditional workflow automation tools (Zapier, n8n, Make) focused on “connecting APIs”, AgentKit creates “workflows where AI reasons and orchestrates”.
graph TB
subgraph "Traditional Automation (Zapier/n8n)"
A1[Event Trigger] --> A2[Simple Conditionals]
A2 --> A3[API Call]
A3 --> A4[Store Result]
end
subgraph "AI-Centric Automation (AgentKit)"
B1[Natural Language Request] --> B2[AI Reasoning & Planning]
B2 --> B3[Multi-Agent Collaboration]
B3 --> B4[Dynamic Tool Selection]
B4 --> B5[Guardrail Validation]
B5 --> B6[Learning & Optimization]
end
style A2 fill:#e3f2fd
style B2 fill:#fff3e0
style B3 fill:#fff3e0
Core Difference:
- Traditional tools: Pre-defined rule-based flows
- AgentKit: AI understands context and decides in agentic flows
4 Core Components
AgentKit consists of four integrated systems:
1️⃣ Agent Builder (Beta)
“Figma for AI Workflows”
- Drag-and-drop visual canvas
- No-code/low-code multi-agent system design
- Inline preview and testing
- Built-in versioning
- Sticky notes for team collaboration
When to Use:
- Collaborating with non-developers
- Visualizing complex workflows
- Rapid prototyping
2️⃣ ChatKit
“Embeddable ChatGPT UI”
- Chat interface ready to drop into your app
- File upload support (1 GB free monthly)
- Integrates with Agent Builder workflows
- White-label customization
When to Use:
- Adding AI chat to SaaS products
- Building customer support bots
- Adding AI interface to internal tools
3️⃣ Connector Registry
“Toolbox for Agents”
- Centralized tool and data management
- Model Context Protocol (MCP) server support
- Admin permission controls
- Secure tool integration
When to Use:
- Enterprise tool access control
- Adding custom tools via MCP servers
- Securely connecting external APIs
4️⃣ Evals (Evaluation System)
“Agent Performance Dashboard”
- Trace grading (execution log evaluation)
- Dataset management
- Automated prompt optimization
- Real-time debugging
When to Use:
- Measuring agent performance
- Prompt A/B testing
- Production monitoring
- Cost optimization
Core Concepts: Agents, Handoffs, Guardrails
To understand AgentKit’s philosophy, you need to know three core principles:
1. Agents
Definition: LLMs with specific roles and tools
from agents import Agent
agent = Agent(
name="Customer Support Agent",
instructions="""
You are a customer support specialist for a SaaS company.
Your role:
- Answer product questions
- Troubleshoot technical issues
- Escalate to human if needed
""",
tools=[search_knowledge_base, create_ticket]
)
Core: Agents aren’t just prompts. They’re autonomous actors with roles, tools, and constraints.
2. Handoffs
Definition: Task delegation between agents
from agents import Agent
support_agent = Agent(
name="Support Agent",
instructions="Handle basic inquiries",
handoffs=["Technical Agent", "Billing Agent"]
)
technical_agent = Agent(
name="Technical Agent",
instructions="Resolve technical issues",
handoffs=["Support Agent"] # Can hand back
)
Usage Patterns:
- Hierarchical delegation: Manager → Specialist
- Peer collaboration: Agent-to-agent cooperation
- Escalation: AI → Human
graph TD
A[Support Agent] -->|"Tech Issue"| B[Technical Agent]
A -->|"Billing Issue"| C[Billing Agent]
B -->|"Can't Resolve"| D[Human Engineer]
C -->|"Can't Resolve"| E[Human Accountant]
B -->|"Resolved"| A
C -->|"Resolved"| A
style A fill:#e3f2fd
style B fill:#fff3e0
style C fill:#f3e5f5
style D fill:#ffebee
style E fill:#ffebee
3. Guardrails
Definition: Input/output validation and safety mechanisms
from agents import Agent, guardrails
agent = Agent(
name="Content Generator",
instructions="Generate marketing content",
input_guardrails=[
guardrails.no_pii, # Block PII
guardrails.content_filter # Filter harmful content
],
output_guardrails=[
guardrails.brand_voice_check, # Verify brand tone
guardrails.factual_accuracy # Fact-check
]
)
Why Critical?:
- Ensures safety in production
- Prevents cost runaway (infinite loops, unnecessary API calls)
- Brand protection (blocks inappropriate responses)
- Compliance (regulatory adherence)
Building Your First Agent: Step-by-Step Tutorial
Prerequisites
1. OpenAI Account and API Key
# 1. Sign up at https://platform.openai.com
# 2. Generate key in API Keys menu
# 3. Set as environment variable
export OPENAI_API_KEY=sk-proj-...
2. Install Python SDK
# Requires Python 3.8+
pip install openai-agents
3. Verify Installation
from agents import Agent, Runner
print("✓ OpenAI Agents SDK installed")
Tutorial 1: Simple Weather Agent
Goal: Build an agent that provides weather information for cities
Step 1: Define a Tool
from agents.tools import function_tool
@function_tool
def get_weather(location: str) -> str:
"""
Get current weather information for a location.
Args:
location: City name (e.g., "Seoul", "Tokyo")
Returns:
Weather description with temperature
"""
# In production, call API (e.g., OpenWeatherMap)
# Here we simulate
weather_data = {
"Seoul": "Clear, 22°C",
"Tokyo": "Cloudy, 18°C",
"New York": "Rainy, 15°C"
}
return weather_data.get(
location,
f"Weather information not found for {location}"
)
Core: The @function_tool decorator converts a function into a tool the agent can use. The docstring teaches the agent how to use the tool.
Step 2: Create Agent
from agents import Agent
weather_agent = Agent(
name="Weather Assistant",
instructions="""
You are a helpful weather assistant.
When users ask about weather, use the get_weather tool.
Provide friendly, conversational responses.
If a city isn't found, suggest nearby alternatives.
""",
tools=[get_weather]
)
Step 3: Run Agent
from agents import Runner
# Synchronous execution
result = Runner.run_sync(
weather_agent,
"What's the weather in Seoul?"
)
print(result.final_output)
# Output: "The current weather in Seoul is clear with a temperature of 22°C!"
Async Execution (for production):
import asyncio
async def main():
result = await Runner.run(
weather_agent,
"What's the weather in Tokyo?"
)
print(result.final_output)
asyncio.run(main())
Tutorial 2: Multi-Agent Customer Support System
Goal: Classify questions and route to appropriate specialist agents
Step 1: Define Specialist Agents
from agents import Agent
# Technical support agent
technical_agent = Agent(
name="Technical Support",
instructions="""
You are a technical support specialist.
Help users with:
- Login issues
- API errors
- Performance problems
If the issue is urgent, handoff to Human Engineer.
""",
handoffs=["Triage Agent"] # Can hand back
)
# Billing support agent
billing_agent = Agent(
name="Billing Support",
instructions="""
You are a billing specialist.
Help users with:
- Payment issues
- Subscription changes
- Refund requests
Always verify user identity before discussing billing.
""",
handoffs=["Triage Agent"]
)
# Product information agent
product_agent = Agent(
name="Product Expert",
instructions="""
You are a product expert.
Answer questions about:
- Features and capabilities
- Best practices
- Use cases and examples
Provide detailed, educational responses.
""",
handoffs=["Triage Agent"]
)
Step 2: Triage Agent
triage_agent = Agent(
name="Triage Agent",
instructions="""
You are the first point of contact for customer support.
Your job:
1. Greet the user warmly
2. Understand their issue
3. Route to the appropriate specialist:
- Technical Support: login, errors, bugs
- Billing Support: payments, subscriptions
- Product Expert: features, how-to questions
If unsure, ask clarifying questions.
""",
handoffs=["Technical Support", "Billing Support", "Product Expert"]
)
Step 3: Execute and Test
# Test 1: Technical issue
result = Runner.run_sync(
triage_agent,
"I'm getting a 401 error when calling the API"
)
print(result.final_output)
# → Hands off to Technical Support agent
# Test 2: Billing issue
result = Runner.run_sync(
triage_agent,
"I was charged twice this month"
)
print(result.final_output)
# → Hands off to Billing Support agent
# Test 3: Product question
result = Runner.run_sync(
triage_agent,
"How do I integrate webhooks?"
)
print(result.final_output)
# → Hands off to Product Expert agent
Step 4: Manage Conversation History with Sessions
from agents import Runner, Session
# Start new session
session = Session()
# Multi-turn conversation
turns = [
"I need help with my account",
"I can't log in",
"It says invalid password",
"Yes, I tried resetting it"
]
for user_message in turns:
result = Runner.run_sync(
triage_agent,
user_message,
session=session # Pass session to maintain history
)
print(f"User: {user_message}")
print(f"Agent: {result.final_output}\n")
Why Sessions Matter:
- Maintain conversation context (remember previous questions)
- Preserve history after handoffs
- In production, save sessions to database
Agent Builder: Visual Development
Don’t like code? Use Agent Builder’s visual canvas.
Accessing Agent Builder
- Visit https://platform.openai.com/agent-builder
- Log in with OpenAI account
- Click “New Agent”
Canvas UI Layout
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ [New] [Save] [Deploy] [Preview] │ ← Toolbar
├────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ │
│ │Agent│─────▶│Tool │─────▶│Agent│ │ ← Node-based workflow
│ │ A │ │ X │ │ B │ │
│ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ │
│ │ │ │
│ └──────┬──────────────────┘ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────┐ │
│ │Guard│ │ ← Guardrails
│ │rail │ │
│ └─────┘ │
│ │
│ [Properties Panel] ─────────────────────────▶│ ← Settings panel
│ Name: Agent A │
│ Instructions: [Text input] │
│ Tools: [Select] │
│ Handoffs: [Select] │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Creating Multi-Agent Visually
Scenario: Content generation workflow
-
Drag “Agent” node → “Content Planner”
- Instructions: “Create content outlines based on topics”
-
Drag “Agent” node → “Content Writer”
- Instructions: “Write blog posts from outlines”
- Connect: Planner → Writer
-
Drag “Agent” node → “SEO Optimizer”
- Instructions: “Optimize content for SEO”
- Connect: Writer → SEO Optimizer
-
Drag “Guardrail” node → “Quality Check”
- Type: Output Validation
- Rules: Minimum 500 words, no plagiarism
- Connect: SEO Optimizer → Quality Check
-
Click “Preview” → Test run
-
Click “Deploy” → Production deployment
Visual vs Code: When to Use What?
| Criteria | Agent Builder (Visual) | Python SDK (Code) |
|---|---|---|
| Learning Curve | Low (intuitive) | Medium (requires programming) |
| Flexibility | Limited | Unlimited |
| Collaboration | Excellent (includes non-devs) | Fair (developer-centric) |
| Version Control | Built-in UI | Git integration |
| Debugging | Visual traces | Code-level debugging |
| Production Deploy | One-click | CI/CD pipeline |
| Recommended Use | Prototypes, business workflows | Enterprise, complex logic |
Best Practice: Prototype with visual → Productionize with code
Model Context Protocol (MCP) Integration
What is MCP?
“USB-C for AI Apps” - Connect tools and data sources in a standardized way
Traditional approach:
Agent ─┬─ Custom API 1 (custom code)
├─ Custom API 2 (another custom code)
└─ Custom API 3 (yet another...)
MCP approach:
Agent ─── MCP Protocol ─┬─ MCP Server 1 (standardized)
├─ MCP Server 2 (standardized)
└─ MCP Server 3 (standardized)
Using MCP in AgentKit
1. Add MCP Server
from agents import Agent
from agents.mcp import MCPServer
# Connect MCP server
notion_server = MCPServer(
url="http://localhost:3000/mcp/notion",
capabilities=["read_database", "create_page"]
)
# Attach MCP server to agent
agent = Agent(
name="Notion Assistant",
instructions="Help users manage Notion databases",
mcp_servers=[notion_server]
)
2. Manage via Connector Registry
from agents import ConnectorRegistry
# Register organization's MCP servers
registry = ConnectorRegistry()
registry.add_server(
name="Company Notion",
mcp_url="http://internal.mcp/notion",
permissions=["read", "write"],
allowed_teams=["marketing", "product"]
)
# Use registry in agent
agent = Agent(
name="Marketing Agent",
connector_registry=registry
)
Benefits:
- Tool reuse (same MCP server across agents)
- Centralized permission management
- Standardized error handling
MCP Ecosystem
Major MCP Servers:
- Notion MCP
- Google Drive MCP
- Slack MCP
- GitHub MCP
- PostgreSQL MCP
Build Your Own: https://modelcontextprotocol.io/docs
Deep Dive into Guardrails
Why Are Guardrails Essential?
Real Production Incidents:
- Chatbot exposed customer PII
- Infinite loop caused $10,000 API bill
- Generated brand guideline violations
- Produced harmful content
Guardrails’ Role: Prevent these incidents proactively
Input Guardrails
Validate user input
from agents import Agent, guardrails
agent = Agent(
name="Customer Support",
instructions="...",
input_guardrails=[
guardrails.no_pii( # Block PII
block_email=True,
block_ssn=True,
block_credit_card=True
),
guardrails.content_filter( # Filter harmful content
hate_speech=True,
harassment=True,
self_harm=True
),
guardrails.language_check( # Check supported languages
allowed_languages=["ko", "en", "ja"]
)
]
)
Flow:
- User input arrives
- Guardrails execute sequentially
- Block → Never reaches agent
- Pass → Agent processes
Output Guardrails
Validate agent response
agent = Agent(
name="Content Generator",
instructions="...",
output_guardrails=[
guardrails.brand_voice( # Verify brand tone
tone="professional",
avoid_words=["cheap", "worst", "scam"]
),
guardrails.fact_check( # Fact-check
verify_statistics=True,
verify_quotes=True
),
guardrails.length_limit( # Length constraint
min_words=100,
max_words=500
),
guardrails.no_hallucination( # Prevent hallucination
require_citations=True
)
]
)
Flow:
- Agent generates response
- Guardrails validate sequentially
- Fail → Regenerate or return error
- Pass → Send to user
Creating Custom Guardrails
from agents.guardrails import Guardrail
class CustomProfanityFilter(Guardrail):
def __init__(self, banned_words: list[str]):
self.banned_words = banned_words
def validate(self, text: str) -> tuple[bool, str]:
"""
Returns (is_valid, error_message)
"""
for word in self.banned_words:
if word.lower() in text.lower():
return False, f"Contains banned word: {word}"
return True, ""
# Usage
agent = Agent(
name="Family-Friendly Bot",
output_guardrails=[
CustomProfanityFilter(
banned_words=["profanity1", "profanity2", "banned"]
)
]
)
Guardrail Best Practices
- Protect Input and Output: Bidirectional defense
- Hierarchical Guardrails: Fast checks first, expensive checks later
- Clear Error Messages: Tell users why blocked
- Logging: Track guardrail blocks for improvement
- Testing: Test guardrails with adversarial inputs
Session and Conversation History Management
Why Sessions Matter
For multi-turn conversations with agents, you need to remember previous context.
# Without session (no context)
result1 = Runner.run_sync(agent, "My name is John")
result2 = Runner.run_sync(agent, "What's my name?")
# Answer: "I don't know your name" ← Can't remember previous conversation
# With session (maintains context)
session = Session()
result1 = Runner.run_sync(agent, "My name is John", session=session)
result2 = Runner.run_sync(agent, "What's my name?", session=session)
# Answer: "Your name is John" ← Remembers previous conversation
Session Persistence
from agents import Session
import json
# Create and use session
session = Session(user_id="user_123")
result = Runner.run_sync(agent, "Hello!", session=session)
# Save session as JSON
session_data = session.to_dict()
with open("session_user_123.json", "w") as f:
json.dump(session_data, f)
# Restore session later
with open("session_user_123.json", "r") as f:
session_data = json.load(f)
restored_session = Session.from_dict(session_data)
result = Runner.run_sync(agent, "What did we talk about?", session=restored_session)
Production Environment: Save sessions in Redis or PostgreSQL
import redis
redis_client = redis.Redis(host='localhost', port=6379)
# Save session
redis_client.set(
f"session:{user_id}",
json.dumps(session.to_dict()),
ex=3600 # Expire after 1 hour
)
# Load session
session_data = redis_client.get(f"session:{user_id}")
session = Session.from_dict(json.loads(session_data))
Cost Optimization Strategies
AgentKit is powerful, but costs can escalate if used incorrectly.
1. Choose Appropriate Models
# ❌ Inefficient: Use GPT-5 Pro for everything
expensive_agent = Agent(
name="Simple Bot",
model="gpt-5-pro", # Very expensive
instructions="Answer yes or no"
)
# ✅ Efficient: Match model to task
cheap_agent = Agent(
name="Simple Bot",
model="gpt-realtime-mini", # Cheap and fast
instructions="Answer yes or no"
)
Model Selection Guide:
- Simple classification/routing:
gpt-realtime-mini - General tasks:
gpt-4o - Complex reasoning:
gpt-5-pro
2. Optimize Prompts
# ❌ Inefficient: Long prompt
agent = Agent(
instructions="""
You are an extremely helpful, friendly, and knowledgeable assistant
who loves to help users with all their questions and concerns.
You always provide detailed, comprehensive answers that cover
every possible angle and consideration...
[500 words of unnecessary instructions]
"""
)
# ✅ Efficient: Concise prompt
agent = Agent(
instructions="Answer user questions clearly and concisely."
)
Tokens = Cost: Shorter prompts = cheaper
3. Prevent Infinite Loops with Guardrails
from agents import guardrails
agent = Agent(
name="Research Agent",
instructions="...",
output_guardrails=[
guardrails.max_iterations(5), # Max 5 iterations
guardrails.max_tool_calls(10), # Max 10 tool calls
guardrails.timeout_seconds(30) # 30-second limit
]
)
4. Leverage Caching
from agents import Agent, caching
agent = Agent(
name="Product Expert",
instructions="...",
enable_caching=True # Cache repeated questions
)
# First call: Full cost
result1 = Runner.run_sync(agent, "What is AgentKit?")
# Second call: Cached (free)
result2 = Runner.run_sync(agent, "What is AgentKit?")
5. Monitor with Evals
from agents import Evals
evals = Evals()
# Set cost alerts
evals.set_alert(
metric="cost_per_day",
threshold=100.00, # Alert if exceeds $100/day
action="email"
)
# Detect anomalous patterns
evals.monitor(
agent_name="Customer Support",
anomaly_detection=True # Detect sudden cost spikes
)
Production Deployment Checklist
Pre-Deployment Verification
✅ Functionality Testing
- Test all handoff paths
- Verify edge case handling
- Validate error handling
- Test timeout scenarios
✅ Safety
- Configure input guardrails
- Configure output guardrails
- Verify PII protection
- Compliance review (GDPR, CCPA, etc.)
✅ Performance
- Measure response time (<3s target)
- Estimate costs (based on expected traffic)
- Load test concurrent requests
- Define caching strategy
✅ Monitoring
- Set up Evals dashboard
- Define alert rules
- Build logging infrastructure
- Error tracking (Sentry, etc.)
✅ Documentation
- Document agent behavior
- Create team onboarding guide
- API documentation (if using ChatKit)
- Incident response playbook
Deployment Methods
Deploy from Agent Builder
- Click “Deploy” in Agent Builder
- Select deployment environment (Staging / Production)
- Enter version tag (e.g.,
v1.0.0) - Click “Confirm Deploy”
- Receive Webhook URL (for ChatKit integration)
Deploy with Python SDK
# deploy.py
from agents import Agent, deploy
agent = Agent(
name="Production Agent",
instructions="..."
)
# Deploy to OpenAI Platform
deployment = deploy(
agent=agent,
environment="production",
version="1.0.0"
)
print(f"Deployed at: {deployment.url}")
CI/CD Integration:
# .github/workflows/deploy.yml
name: Deploy Agent
on:
push:
branches: [main]
jobs:
deploy:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
- name: Deploy to OpenAI
run: |
pip install openai-agents
python deploy.py
env:
OPENAI_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.OPENAI_API_KEY }}
Real-World Use Cases
Case 1: Customer Support Automation (Clay)
Result: 10x growth
Implementation:
support_system = Agent(
name="Support Triage",
instructions="Classify and route customer inquiries",
handoffs=[
"Tier 1 Support", # General questions
"Tier 2 Support", # Technical issues
"Sales Team", # Sales inquiries
"Human Agent" # Complex cases
]
)
Outcomes:
- 80% auto-resolution rate
- Average response time: 5min → 30sec
- Customer satisfaction +15%
Case 2: Content Generation Pipeline
Implementation:
content_planner = Agent(
name="Content Planner",
instructions="Create SEO-optimized content outlines"
)
content_writer = Agent(
name="Writer",
instructions="Write engaging blog posts from outlines"
)
seo_optimizer = Agent(
name="SEO Optimizer",
instructions="Optimize for search engines"
)
# Workflow
result = Runner.run_sync(
content_planner,
"Create content about AgentKit tutorial",
handoff_chain=[content_writer, seo_optimizer]
)
Outcomes:
- Content production speed 5x
- SEO score average 85+ maintained
- Writer burnout reduced
Case 3: Research Assistant System
Implementation:
@function_tool
def search_papers(query: str) -> list:
"""Search academic papers"""
# Call arXiv, PubMed APIs
pass
@function_tool
def extract_key_findings(paper_url: str) -> str:
"""Extract key findings from a paper"""
pass
research_agent = Agent(
name="Research Assistant",
instructions="""
Help researchers by:
1. Finding relevant papers
2. Extracting key findings
3. Synthesizing information
4. Suggesting future research directions
""",
tools=[search_papers, extract_key_findings]
)
Outcomes:
- Literature review time reduced 70%
- Broader research coverage
- Discovered missed important papers
Next Steps
You now understand AgentKit’s core concepts and have built your first agents.
Coming Next: OpenAI AgentKit Complete Guide Part 2: Advanced Patterns and Real-World Applications will cover:
- 🏗️ Production Architecture Patterns: Designing enterprise-grade multi-agent systems
- 🔧 Advanced Tool Integration: Building your own MCP servers, external API integration
- 📊 Performance Optimization: A/B testing and prompt optimization with Evals
- 🛡️ Security and Compliance: Production safety mechanisms
- 💼 Complete Case Studies: Three industry-specific full implementations
Additional Resources
Official Documentation
- OpenAI AgentKit Official: https://openai.com/agent-platform/
- Agents SDK Docs: https://openai.github.io/openai-agents-python/
- MCP Protocol: https://modelcontextprotocol.io/
Community
- OpenAI Developer Forum: https://community.openai.com/
- AgentKit GitHub: https://github.com/openai/openai-agents-python
- Reddit: r/OpenAI
Tutorial Videos
- OpenAI DevDay 2025 Keynote (YouTube)
- AgentKit Deep Dive (Official Channel)
See you in Part 2! Let’s master AgentKit together with real-world examples.
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